INTRODUCTION
If we take a look at the human rights have been promoted since 1946 by the united nations as part of its mandate. But since the human rights standard setting has been continuing developing, new concepts has also been including by the international community. As the concept of human rights is basically the interest, awareness and dignity of the individual. The principles of human rights were drawn up for presenting the dignity to the human beings as each individual should be respected equally there is need of these rights because there were cases recorded regarding racism in several countries so to stop these things there has been rise of the human rights laws The UN Charter very clearly specified the importance of the human rights. The UN Charter has declared that the purpose of United Nation is “to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural and humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedom for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion”. Human rights are essential for the overall development of individuals. The Constitution of India makes provisions for basic rights also known as Fundamental Rights for its citizens as well as for aliens. A distinction is made between Specific Fundamental Rights and Unspecified Fundamental Rights. The rights enshrined in the Constitution also at times are at par with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Right (ICPPR) which is an international treaty. The ICCPR is applicable to States rather than to individual. Therefore, rights enshrined therein become the obligation of a state only when they have been incorporated in the State internal law. After the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948, the concept of Human Rights assumed a significance of its own though earlier than this, International Labour Organisation in 1920 also initiated the Conventions on the rights of workers to form unions and organization, abolition of forced labour and right to collective bargaining. Human rights are considered to be important because:
- Human rights ensure people have basic needs met:
- Human rights protect vulnerable groups from abuse:
- Human rights allow people to stand societal corruption
- Human rights encourage freedom of Speech and expression:
- Human rights give people the freedom to practice their religion:
- Human rights ensure Equal work opportunities:
- Human rights provides access to education:
- Human rights provides a universal standard that hold the government accountable:
So, thee are certain reasons that’s why human rights are necessary but still there are certain cases in our daily life where we keep quiet to these cases as it can be any poor person, there can be impartiality in salaries in our offices but still we do not speak but the basic purpose of these rights is to help the people to speak against the injustice they are facing from the society and in this case our media and NGOs plays a big role because they can be their voices that can bring the matter in the public but the problem is that some of the matter doesn’t even come up in public in the rural areas. As still the importance of human rights need to be developed in the minds of people.
Civil and Political Rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the Indian Constitution:
| S.no | Article | Declaration | Constitution |
| 1 | Equality before law | Art.7 | Art.14 |
| 2 | Prohibition of discrimination | Art.7 | Art.15(1) |
| 3 | Equality of opportunity | Art.21(2) | Art.16(1) |
| 4 | Freedom of Speech and Expression | Art.19 | Art.19(1)(a) |
| 5 | Freedom of peaceful assembly | Art.20(1) | Art.19(b) |
| 6 | Freedom to form Association or union | Art.23(4) | Art.19(b) |
| 7 | Freedom of Movement within border | Art.13(1) | Art.191(d) |
| 8 | Protection in respect of conviction of Offences | Art.11(2) | Art.20(3) |
| 9 | Protection slavery and forced labour | Art.3 | Art.23 |
| 10 | Remedy for enforcement of rights | Art. 8 | Art.32 |
| 11 | Right against arbitrary arrest and detention | Art.9 | Art.22 |
Conclusion:
Human rights provide the stability all around the world in India still there is need to have proper implementation of human right laws there should be greater penalties imposed in any matter that has been related to the human right as the laws has been their but its implementation has not been up to mark. Human rights are considered to be the essential part of every human’s life The impact of several changes in the world today on human rights has been both negative and positive but still there is need of development all around the world as if every individual needs their right to be exercised in that case protection of human rights is important
by- Deepankar Chugh
